1. Definition and classification of light distribution curve
(1) Definition
The light distribution curve represents the spatial distribution of light emitted by a lamp or light source. It records information such as luminous flux, number of light sources, power, power factor, and lamp efficiency of the lamp, generally represented in polar coordinates. By using the light distribution curve, the intensity of light in different directions of the lamp can be intuitively understood, providing important reference for lighting design.
(2) Classification
Classified by symmetry properties
Axial symmetry: refers to the basic symmetry of the light distribution curve in all directions, suitable for places that require uniform lighting, such as offices, classrooms, etc.
Symmetry: When the light distribution of the C0 ° and C180 ° profiles of the lamp is symmetrical, and the light distribution of the C90 ° and C270 ° profiles is symmetrical, it is commonly used in spaces with strong symmetry, such as corridors, passages, etc.
Asymmetric: Refers to the situation where the light distribution of any profile between C0 ° -180 ° and C90 ° -270 ° is asymmetric, and can be used in places that require specific lighting directions, such as display cabinets, art lighting, etc.
Classified by beam angle
Wide light distribution: With a beam angle greater than 40 degrees, it can provide a large illumination range and is suitable for large-area lighting places such as squares, parking lots, etc.
Medium light distribution: The beam angle is between 20-40 degrees, with a moderate lighting range, commonly used for general indoor lighting, such as living rooms, bedrooms, etc.
Narrow light distribution: beam angle less than 20 degrees, beam concentration, suitable for key lighting such as jewelry display, stage lighting, etc.
2. The influence of light distribution curve on lighting effect
(1) Spatial light intensity distribution
Different light distribution curves can result in different light intensity distributions of lamps in space. For example, an axially symmetrical light distribution curve will evenly distribute light in all directions, creating a softer lighting effect; Asymmetric light distribution curves can concentrate light rays and project them in specific directions, highlighting the illuminated object. Taking a display cabinet as an example, LED linear lights with asymmetric light distribution curves can accurately illuminate the displayed items, enhance their three-dimensional sense and texture, and attract the audience's attention.
(2) Lighting range
The beam angle size of the light distribution curve directly affects the illumination range. LED linear lights with wide light distribution have a large beam angle, which can illuminate light to a farther distance and are suitable for large-area lighting environments. For example, in square lighting, using wide distribution LED linear lights can cover a larger area, provide uniform lighting brightness, and ensure the safe passage of pedestrians and vehicles. Narrow light distribution LED linear lights are suitable for small-scale key lighting, such as cultural relics display in museums, which can accurately focus light on cultural relics while reducing interference with the surrounding environment.
(3) Key lighting and uniform lighting
By selecting the appropriate light distribution curve, the effects of focused illumination and uniform illumination can be achieved. Key lighting is used to highlight specific objects or areas and enhance their visual effects. For example, in the display window of a shopping mall, using narrow light distribution LED linear lights can concentrate the light on the products, making them more eye-catching and attracting customers' purchasing desire. Uniform lighting is to achieve uniform brightness throughout the entire space and avoid uneven brightness. In office lighting, using LED linear lights with wide or medium light distribution can achieve uniform illumination, improve employee work efficiency and comfort.
(4) Glare control
Glare refers to visual conditions that cause visual discomfort and reduce object visibility due to inappropriate brightness distribution or brightness range in the field of view, or extreme brightness contrast. The reasonable design of the light distribution curve can effectively control glare. For example, using a light distribution curve with a shading angle design can limit light within a certain range, avoiding direct exposure to the human eye and reducing glare. Choosing the appropriate light distribution curve is crucial for providing a comfortable visual environment in places with high glare requirements, such as hospital operating rooms, libraries, etc.
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