Lighting as an indispensable living environment to light up the night life, with the advent of the era of science and technology, the lighting system is more and more developed, people's needs are getting higher and higher, the lighting requirements of different places will be different. When designing the lamp source, the energy efficiency of the light source and ballast selected in the design shall not be lower than the energy-saving evaluation value of the corresponding energy efficiency standard; The power density LPD limit for building night lighting should be in line with current industry standards.
The choice of light source
1. Indoor places
(1) It is necessary to comply with the promulgated illumination standards to ensure that each indoor space has a suitable illumination. For example: living room (living room), where you want to receive guests, but also family gatherings, to take into account the needs of work and study, the illumination should be slightly higher; The restaurant should prevent accidents while eating, and the illumination should also be high; The illumination of the bedroom should be low, so that it is convenient for the owner to rest.
(2) It is necessary to try to use the lighting methods, lamps and lanterns and the types of light colors to create an environmental atmosphere and improve the perception of the space. For example, various projection lights can be used to produce a strong and concentrated brightness contrast, which will make the indoor space vivid and active; The diffused light based on the reflective light trough and the soft light color make the room form a quiet, relaxed and cordial harmonious atmosphere; The use of antique typical lamps and lanterns to add a gorgeous and elegant atmosphere to the environment; The use of simple lamps can create a simple, peaceful atmosphere; The use of warm light sources with low color temperature in cold areas and cold color light sources with high color temperature in hot areas can make the indoor light tone harmonious and full of warmth.
(3) Lighting can also make people feel different about the space. Generally speaking, a room with high illumination and brightness feels larger.
2. Outdoor places
(1) Due to the complexity of the working environment, affected by natural conditions such as temperature, ultraviolet rays, humidity, rain, sand and dust, chemical gases and other natural conditions, the influence of environmental factors on LED outdoor lighting fixtures should be considered in the design of outdoor lighting. At present, most of the LED lamps and lanterns (mainly street lights) produced in China are assembled in series and parallel with 1W LEDs, which is called packaging technology. Assembled in 30W, 50W, or even larger modules to achieve the required power, these LEDs are encapsulated with epoxy resin.
(2) Choose aluminum or aluminum alloy with good thermal conductivity, copper or copper alloy, and other alloys. To achieve waterproof, dustproof, anti-aging, stainless steel bolt fastening, and then refer to the latest technical specifications for outdoor lighting fixtures promulgated by China, as well as urban road lighting design standards.
(3) The facilities installed in the outdoor landscape lighting within 20m from the outer wall of the building should be consistent with the grounding form of the indoor system, and the TT grounding form should be used if the distance from the outer wall of the building is greater than 20m. In addition, the outdoor lighting adopts TN low-voltage power supply system, and the principle of the layout of the lighting control box (sub-control point) needs to consider the power supply radius and the voltage drop that must be controlled from the power supply to the end power receiving point, so as to avoid the normal operation of the lamp due to undervoltage. In GB50052-98 of the Code for the Design of Power Supply and Distribution System, it is stipulated that under normal operation, the allowable deviation of the voltage at the end of the road lighting is +5% and -10%.
Lighting fixture selection
1. Outdoor places
(1) Road lights
Applicable places: highways, overpasses, parking lots, stadiums, freight yards, ports, airports and public leisure squares, etc.
(2) Garden lights
Applicable places for courtyard lights: outdoor lighting in urban slow lanes, narrow lanes, residential areas, tourist attractions, residential quarters, parks, campuses, gardens, villas, botanical gardens, squares and other public places.
(3) Kusatsubo lamp
Applicable places: widely used in parks and scenic spots, noble communities, garden villas, square green spaces, tourist attractions, resorts, golf courses, enterprise factory green space lighting and beautification, residential green space lighting, commercial walking
(4) Landscape lights
Applicable places: lakeside, residential area, tourist attraction, residential area, park, campus, garden, villa, botanical garden, large square, pedestrian street and other public places.
(5) Buried lamps
Applicable places: squares, restaurants, private villas, gardens, conference rooms, exhibition halls, community landscaping, stage bars, shopping malls, parking sculptures, tourist attractions and other places and other lighting decorations.
(6) Wall headlights
Applicable places: generally placed in the community, park, or stigma, very appreciative.
(7) Floodlight
Applicable places: large-area mines, building outlines, stadiums, overpasses, monuments, parks and flower beds, etc.
2. Outdoor places
(1)Indoor lighting fixtures mainly include ceiling lights, chandeliers, wall lamps, spotlights, and floor lamps. The ceiling light or chandelier is the main light source in the room, and the other lamps are auxiliary light sources.
(2) According to the light source, it can be divided into three categories: incandescent lamps (compact fluorescent lamps are classified into this category), fluorescent lamps, and high-pressure gas discharge lamps.
(3) According to the place of use, it can be divided into civil lamps, architectural lights, industrial and mining lights, vehicle lights, marine lights, stage lamps, etc.
(4) According to the severe cold of light distribution, it can be divided into direct illumination type, semi-direct illumination type, full diffuse lighting type and indirect lighting type.
